关于口译中称谓的翻译(集锦10篇)

2025-01-21 21:08:41

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口译中称谓的翻译

篇1:口译中称谓的翻译

在外事接待中,译员首先面临的一道难题是称谓的翻译。称谓代表了一个人的职位、职衔或学衔,体现了一个人的资历和地位。称谓的误译不仅是对有关人员的不尊重,而且也会产生种种不良的后果。称谓的准确翻译其关键在于译员对有关人员的身份及其称谓的表达式否有一个正确的理解,尤其是对称谓词语指义的认识。一个称谓词很可能表示多种身份,例如,英语的头衔词president,译成汉语时可视具体情况分别译作共和国的总统、国家主席、大学的校长、学院的院长、学会或协会的会长或主席、公司的总裁或董事长等等。同样,当介绍中国各类机构或组织的首长时,不可千篇 一律的将他们的头衔译作head,而应该使用相应的、规范的称谓语。

一般说来,首席长官的汉语称谓常以“总……”表示,而表示首席长官的英语称谓则常带有chief, general, head, managing这类词,因此当翻译冠以“总”字的头衔时,须遵循英语头衔的表达习惯,例如:

总工程师 chief engineer

总经理 general manager; managing director

总教练 head coach

总干事 secretary-general

有些部分或机构的首长或主管的英译,可以一些通用的头衔次表示,例如下列机构的负责人可以用director, head或chief来表示:

局长 director of the bureau, head of the bureau, bureau chief

汉语中表示副职的头衔一般都冠以“副”字,英译时需视词语的固定搭配或表达习惯等情况,可选择vice, associate, assistant, deputy等词。相对而言,vice使用面较广,例如:

副总统 vice president

副省长 vice governor

副市长 vice mayor

学术头衔的“副”之称谓往往用不同的词表达,最为常用的英语词是associate,例如:

副教授 associate professor

副研究员 associate research fellow

副主任医师 associate senior doctor

以director表示的职位的副职常以deputy director表示。此外,secretary, mayor, dean等头衔的副职也可冠以deputy,例如:

副秘书长 deputy secretary-general

副院长 deputy dean

学术头衔系列出了含“正”或“副”表示,而直接用“高级”或“资深”来表示,我们可以用senior来称呼,例如:

高级编辑 senior editor

高级工程师 senior engineer

资深翻译 senior translator

有一些行业的职称或职务系列中,最高级别的职位冠以“首席”一词,英语常用chief来表示,例如:

首席执行官 chief executive officer (ceo)

首席法官 chief judge

首席记者 chief correspondent

有些头衔会含诸如“代理”、“常务”、“执行”、“名誉”这类称谓语,例如:

代理市长 acting mayor

常务理事 managing director

执行主席 executive chairman/chair (或presiding chairman)

名誉校长 honorary president

有些职称或职务带有“主任”、“主治”、“特级”、“特派”、“特约”等头衔,英译不尽相同,例如:

主任秘书 chief secretary

主治医师 attending/chief doctor; physician; consultant

特级教师 special-grade senior teacher

特派记者 accredited correspondent

特约编辑 contributing editor

篇2:《红楼梦》中称谓的翻译

《红楼梦》中称谓的翻译

本文从社会、文化的视点出发,对我国古典文学名著《红楼梦》中一些称谓的翻译做了一些初步的探讨。

一、前言

称谓就是人与人之间的称呼,为了表示互动的关系,以及身份,工作中的职权、地位等而区分的称呼,常常起到说明、印证的作用。而在封建社会制度中,称谓就不仅如此了。它还是代表人与人之间的长幼、尊卑、亲疏与嫡庶的关系,能使人们的血缘关系、血缘系统鲜明化,清晰而不紊乱,是维护封建宗法制与等级制度的必要手段。通常隐含了权势内涵,体现出双方不同的身份,地位,修养、情感等相互的关系。

在封建社会宗法制度下,社会等级森严,家庭内部也难例外。家庭(尤其是贵族家庭)中的称谓的使用正是等级制度的具体反映。称谓使用的原则就是“得体”。所谓“得体”,笔者以为就是指称呼者应该严格遵守“贵贱有等、长幼有差、贫富轻重皆有称”(《荀子富国》)的原则。在封建社会,因使用称谓不当而获罪的事例并不鲜见。《红楼梦》中称谓的运用正是恪守上述原则进行的。社会关系中普遍采用亲属称谓,这些亲属称谓不再反映亲属关系,而是反映年龄、性别和社会等级(徐静茜,1993)。

二、翻译比较

上面我们谈到称谓的运用要遵循“得体”的原则。“得体”与语境密切相关。这里所说的“语境”包括使用场合、使用双方的身份等因素。同样,翻译称谓时也要体现出“得体”这一原则,即要“忠实”于语境因素。具体来说,要“忠实”于对象、“忠实”于场合、“忠实”于社会文化背景。翻译不仅仅是两种语言之间的交际,而且也是两种文化之间的交流。而《红楼梦》中的称谓具有浓厚的汉语传统文化色彩。如何准确地将这些称谓翻译成为英语,文化因素是必须慎重考虑的。翻译时既要保留该称谓在原语中的文化内涵,又要符合译入语的传统习惯,这的确是一个棘手的问题。

下面笔者将针对《红楼梦》中一些称谓的翻译具体谈谈上述问题。

1.首先讨论一下“老爷”这个称谓的翻译情况。“老爷”这个称谓在《红楼梦》中出现的频率很高。请看:

1)门子听了,冷笑道:“老爷说道何尝不是大道理……”(第一回)

2)探春因道:“这几天老爷可曾叫你?”宝玉笑道:“没有叫”(第二十七回)

3)宝玉说道:“快进去告诉太太:老爷要打我呢!……”(第三十三回)

4)王夫人哭道:“宝玉虽然该打,老爷也要自重。”(同上)

在1)中,“老爷”指贾雨村,为新任应天府。杨宪益等译为“Your Honour”,可以说是铢两悉称,既符合原语所指,又合乎译入语之习惯,因此,汉语与英译十分对等,贴切妥当。在2)至3)中“老爷”都指的是贾政,因为使用者的差异,具体的语用含义略有不同。在2)中,探春同宝玉说到他们的父亲时,用了“老爷”而不是“父亲”来称呼。杨宪益等译文(以下简称为杨译)和霍克斯译文(以下简称为霍译)同为“Father”。种种译文似乎未能体现出探春与宝玉对贾政的敬畏之情。在3)中,宝玉觉得自己将要受到父亲的责骂。情急之中求一位耳聋的老嬷嬷去找人来救护他。因为对仆人说话,故翻译时应考虑说话人与听话人双方的身份。宝玉为“the master”,而霍译是“Sir Zheng”。两种译文都较准确恰当。杨译既符合原语习惯,又合译入语用法,堪称佳译。而霍译的英语味更浓,但考虑到在中国封建宗法社会中直呼长辈之名被视为大逆不道,故而笔者以为霍译略有缺憾,但并不影响译文效果。4)中的“老爷”出自王夫人之口。王夫人称其夫贾政为“老爷”,主要是因为当时有其他人在场,这样称呼以示尊重其地位,另外可能多少有些不满的成分吧。杨译与霍译分别为“sir zheng”,都很准确。

2.接着谈谈“太太”的使用及其翻译情况

1)袭人笑道:“太太别生气,我就说了。”(第三十四回)

2)宝玉笑道:“太太不知道这缘故。”(第二十八回)

3)(贾母)说着便令人去看轿马,“我和你太太宝玉立刻回南京去!”(第三十二回)

4)那婆子道:“太太又赏了银子,又赏了衣服,怎么不了事的。”(同上)

由于称呼者不同,“太太”的语用含义也有差异。在1)中,王夫人询问有关宝玉被打的事由,袭人在对话中称呼王夫人为“太太”。杨译与霍译均为“Your Ladyship”,很恰当,极合王夫人的身份。在2)中,因为当时有宝钗,黛玉以及熙凤在场,故宝玉用“太太”称呼其母亲,很得体。杨译为“Madam”,而霍译是“Mother”。笔者以为,杨译较佳,符合当时的情境;霍译只考虑了王夫人用宝玉的母子关系,而未能够注意到“太太”一词在此语境中所蕴涵的尊重之意。在3)中,贾母因贾政毒打宝玉,一气之下便要回南京,因此,杨译“Your mistress”较为妥贴,符合贾母的身份,如果译作“Your wife”则逊色多了。在4)中,那位耳聋的老嬷嬷在同宝玉的对话中,称王夫人为“太太”。下人用的称谓与宝玉用的虽然在字面上相同,但口吻却大不一样,佣人们敬畏她,而宝玉则尊重她。杨译为“the mistress”,同前文中的“老爷”的译文相互对应;与霍译是“Her?Ladyship”与前文中的“Sir Zheng”相呼应,两种译文俱佳。

3.紧接着我们讨论一下有关贾母的一些称谓及其翻译情况

1)宝玉道:“老太太叫我呢,有话等我回来说罢。”(第二十三回)

2)林黛玉道:“也不过这么着。老太太还叫我吃王大夫的药呢。”(同上)

3)王夫人哭道:“……况且暑天炎日的,老太太身上也不大好,打死宝玉事小,倘或老太太一时不自在了岂不事大!”(第三十三回)

4)正没开交处,听丫鬟来说:“老太太来了。”(同上)

在1)中,宝玉对熙风称贾母为“老太太”,其实他俩应该称“奶奶”。宝玉如此称呼,还是地位因素在起作用。家庭成员愈要维护贾母在荣国府中的至尊地位。霍译为“Grandma”比较亲切,但那尊重的意思则消失了,比较而言,杨译的“the old lady”较佳。在2)中,林黛玉回答王夫人的问话,故称其外祖母为“老太太”,以表示尊重。霍译是“Grandmother”,但不及杨译“the old lady”。在3)中,王夫人恳求丈夫看在老太太的佛面上,暂且饶过宝玉。霍译“Lady Jia”比杨译的“the old lady”更有英语味。在4)中王夫人的哀求不为贾政所理会,这时候贾母出场了。在此例中,霍译“Her old Ladyship”胜于杨译的“the old lady”,更为恰当地表述了贾母在荣国府中的至高无上的地位。在例5)中,“贾母”被杨先生译为“the lady Dowager”,而霍氏译作“Grandmother Jia”。笔者以为,杨译盖过霍译。贾母乃荣国府中之至尊,是个名副其实的matriarch。根据ALD的解释,“dowager”即“a woman with property or title rom her late husband”。这个定义与贾母的地位恰好吻合。另外,《简爱》中有这样一句话,也可佐证笔者的浅见。“The Young Lady thus claimed as the Dowager’s property reiterated her question with an explanation.”此处的“the Dowager”指“Braness Ingram of Ingram park”,而贾母的地位也超过了Braness Ingram,故杨译较霍译贴切,既符合原语,又符合译入语用法,看来杨先生夫妇是颇具匠心。霍译“Grandmother Jia”似乎是直译,反映了贾母在府中的'血缘上的地位,但还未能表现出她那无尚的权利。

4.在上面,笔者简要比较分析了“老爷”、“太太”、“老太太”及“贾母”等称谓及其译文。最后探讨一下《红楼梦》中姐姐、大哥和妹妹等称谓的翻译问题。请看一例:

宝玉向林黛玉说道:“你听见了没有,难道二姐姐也跟我撒谎不成?”……宝玉笑道:“太太不知道这缘故。宝姐姐先在家里住着,那薛大哥的事,他也不知道。林妹妹在背后羞我,打谅我撒谎呢。”(第二十八回)

论文霍克斯将“宝姐姐”,“薛大哥”和“林妹妹”分别译作“Bao-chai”、“Cousin-Xue”和“Cousin Lin”;杨宪益夫妇却分别译作“Cousin Pao-chai”、“her brother”和“Cousin Dai-yu”。通过比较,笔者认为,杨译胜过霍译。原因在于杨先生考虑了译入语中的习惯用法;以英语为母语的人,通常用“Cousin+名字”的形式来称呼,而不用“Cousin+姓”的形式,霍氏选用后者会使译入语的读者误以为Xue和Lin是first name呢。再看看“二姐姐”的译文。“二姐姐”在此处是指王熙凤,杨译与霍译分别为“Feng”、“my cousin Hsi-feng”,二位译者翻译得都很准确。没有将表示排行的“二”字译出也是为了顾及译语的习惯。

在传统的宗法社会里,长幼分别得很清楚明了。常常有长兄如父,长姊如母之类的说法。因此弟弟、妹妹是不可以称呼哥哥、姐姐的名字的,而反过来则可行。这在翻译中也要予以考虑。英语中的亲属称谓大多比汉语笼统。“Cousin”便是一例。这个称谓词,不分长幼,无男女之别,甚至不分班辈,这给英译汉带来了不小的困难。由此可见,“Cousin”一词如脱离语境,则不易确定地说明被指者的性别、长幼和辈份。有时候,即使有了语境,也不大容易辨明,巴尔扎克有一部长篇小说叫“Cousin Bette”(法文名叫La Cousin Bette)傅雷先生,在解放前将其译为《贝姨》,解放后又有人将之译作《表妹贝蒂》。两种译名差别甚大。以至于出现了“代沟”,这从一方面说明了“cousin”这个词的词意太难把握了。

三、结论

综上所述,称谓是最富有民族文化特色的语言现象之一,其翻译只有从社会文化的视点出发,考虑到语用含义,才有可能成功。中国封建社会的礼仪,人与人之间的地位悬殊、称谓讲究等,反映了当时社会制度的人跟人之间的不平等的待遇,称谓翻译要求很严谨。为此,译者更应该充分认识到,词的翻译实际上就是文化的转移。在文化的转移过程中,译者会遇到种种棘手的问题。翻译的过程便是这两种文化中寻找共同点的过程。可见,翻译工作的近乎完美任重而道远。

篇3:口译绝招:译中数字的翻译

(1)等值翻译

a drop in the ocean 沧海一粟

within a stone's throw 一步之遥

kill two birds with one stone 一箭双雕

(2)不等值翻译

at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟

on second thoughts 再三考虑

by ones and twos 两两地,零零落落地

Two heads are better than one.三个臭皮匠胜过诸葛亮。

--Can you come down a little?

--Sorry, its one price for all.

你能便宜一点卖吗?

对不起,不二价。

(3)不必译出

One mans meat is another mans poison.人各有所好。

I'll love you three score and ten.我会一辈子爱你的。

Ten to one he has forgotten it.很可能他已经忘了。

His mark in math is second to none in the class. 他的数学分数在班上是名列前茅的。

She is a second Lei Feng. 她是雷锋式的人物。

I always believe my sixth sense. 我总相信我的直觉。

The parson official1y pronounced that they became one.牧师正式宣告他们成婚。

I used to study in France in the year one. 我早年曾在法国学习。

篇4:浅谈翻译资格口译中如何弥补中英文化差异

经验分享:浅谈翻译资格口译中如何弥补中英文化差异

文化是一种上层建筑,它是建立在一定的经济基础之上的,而且与一个国家、民族的传密不可分。而“跨文化交际”,英语名称是“intercultural communication”或“cross-cultural communication”,它指本族语者与非本族语者之间的交际, 也指任何在语言和文化背景方面有差异的人们之间的交际。由于不同的民族所处的生态、物质、社会及宗教等环境不同, 因而各自的语言环境产生了不同的语言习惯、社会文化、风土人情等等诸语境因素。不同文化背景造成人们说话方式或习惯不尽相同。因此, 在交流中, 人们总喜欢用自己的说话方式来解释对方的话语,这就可能对对方的话语做出不准确的推论, 从而产生冲突和故障①。英国有他自己的社会风俗与礼仪:

一般风俗

跟中国相比,车辆在马路的左边行驶。驾车者会给行人让路,但并不总是这样。大部分人都自觉遵守公共秩序。在火车站或地铁站、公共汽车站、银行、邮局等地方等待服务时要排队。在自动提款机旁,人们会有意识地与正在使用机器的人保持合理的距离。在自动扶梯上,靠右站好让别人通过。提出请求时要说“please”,接受了帮助或服务后要说“thank you”,无论事情多么微不足道。 拜访朋友前要提前通知对方。不速之客会让人讨厌。避免在晚上10点后打电话到别人家。晚上11点后打电话很可能被英国人当作有紧急事件。使用主人家的电话前要征得许可,并且要商量怎样付电话费。在室内吸烟可能不被主人接受。如果你确实想吸烟,先询问主人会被视为礼貌的行为。 在中国的宴会上,客人在最后一道菜吃完后会迅速离开。而在英国文化中,留下来进行社交谈话被视为礼貌的行为。聚会因此可能多延续几个小时。特别要注意的是,如果被邀请去主人家吃饭,一吃完就离开是非常不礼貌的。

餐桌礼仪

安静地吃东西并且吃完自己碟子里的所有事物是礼貌的行为。剩下食物可能意味着客人不喜欢这些食物。把叉放在盘子上,把刀放在它旁边表明你已经吃完了。如果你还在吃,就把刀和叉分开放在碟子上。 英国人喜欢在吃饭的时候聊天。但要同时说话和吃东西是很难的。而在吃东西的时候张大嘴,哪怕是说话,是不礼貌的行为。诀窍是:吃东西和说话交替进行;只往嘴里放少量食物。如果你必须张大嘴,用一只手遮住它。

食物

人们不吃动物的所有部分,如头、足和某些器官。他们如果看到中国人食用每一部分,可能会感到震惊。在英国人的食物中马铃薯替代米饭作为主要的碳水化合物。如果不习惯用餐时吃马铃薯,不要不好意思要米饭。

习惯和爱好

卫生的标准似乎不同。人们不喜欢化学品,却不把碟子上的洗洁精冲干净就用它。“Do It Yourself”(D.I.Y.自己动手)和园艺是许多英国人的爱好,因为在英国人工非常昂贵。如果主人在自己的花园上化了很多工夫,他们很可能会为它感到骄傲。因此,恭维他们的花园是进行进一步谈话的很好的开始。

交友

通常,英国人不喜欢过于亲热,觉得这样肤浅而且不真诚。太多的热情和关注会让他们感到奇怪和不自在。所以和他们建立友谊确实要花些时间。隐私对于英国人来说十分重要。个人问题,或例如婚姻、恋爱关系、财政、健康等话题应当避免,除非对方是很好的朋友。酒吧是英国人喜欢与朋友相聚的社交中心

②这些差异是译员在翻译当中要注意的,如果翻译不当会一些不必要的误会。译员在这当中要担当好桥梁的作用了。下面我们看一些礼宾用语的中英文化差异以及他们的译法:

一、问候

每个国家的问候语都是不同的,比如: 有的中方主人在飞机场迎接外方的客人会说:“欢迎欢迎,一路辛苦了。”我们不能直译为:Welcome. You must be tired all the way? 在英语思维习惯上,是对满脸倦容的人表示关切的话而不是打招呼的问候。按英语习惯可以这样说:You’ve had a long trip. 或Did you have a long flight?

中文还有这样的恭维:“您年纪这么大,身体还是这么健康。”说英语国家没有类似的表达习惯。在他们的文化里,人们忌讳直接说对方年纪大。 不能译成:You are old but still look so healthy.”这样不但没有丝毫关心问候之意,却使别人以为你嫌他老不死。这下可把别人给得罪了。可以这样译:You look great.或You look wonderful.在较熟的朋友之间可以说:Your health is good.

二、称呼

在书面语称呼上,对“Dear Governor……”或“Dear Minister…..”这类身份较高的称呼上,通常不译为“亲爱的省长”、“亲爱的部长”这个Dear习惯用“尊敬的”。

“女士们、先生们、朋友们。”中文听起来很自然,但在英语习惯里,“朋友们”通常方在女士们先生们之前:

Dear friends,

Ladies and gentlemen

三、交际套语

交际套语应该符合习惯用法,才显的自然,得体, 有礼,否则听起来就显得生硬,粗鲁,甚至误解。下面就举一些典型套语的译法:

1,参观或者会谈等场合,常听见中方的人说“请多提宝贵意见。”若直译为:“Please give us your valuable comments。”问题就来了:你的意见应该是valuable 的,不宝贵的意见请免开尊口。正确的译法是:“Please give us your comments。”或“We welcome your comments。

2,“怎么样,今天就谈到这里吧?”生硬、突然的说法:Well,shall we stop here for today?地道的习惯用语:Thank you for….。Shall we call it a day?

3,“今天的菜不好,请多多包涵。” 在英语国家的人看来,这种自谦客套的说法反而显得太牵强附会,况且请客总希望客人吃的好,否则,既然菜不好,为什么还拿来请客?故不宜直译为:Pardon me for the poor foods today。若用餐开始讲这句话,英语应说:Bon appetite,或者Enjoy yourself。若用餐完毕讲这句话,应该说:Hope you’ve enjoyed yourself。

这样才与此情景相吻合。

4,“这是区区薄礼,不成敬意”。这是我们中国人为了表示礼貌客气的一句客套话,有时礼品并非“薄礼”也这么说;而英美人的思维习惯却是:这是专门为你准备的礼品,希望你喜欢。所以这句不妨这样说:This is a gift for your memory。Hope you like it。

5,“你每月挣多少钱?”这恐怕是令人最忌讳的私人问题了,太敏感了。 若非要表打这个意思,应该把问题变为间接问题,不针对个人。若对方是销售经理,可以说:About how much dose a sale manager make a year?

在做口译当中,除了要注意这些差异以外,英语作为一种语言它有着丰富的口语习惯词汇我们不能单凭字面意思去理解。比如:“This evening,if you have time , we can go to the movie together .” “Well, I will play it by ear!” play it by ear—-“用耳朵来弹奏”? 不是!这里的play it by ear 英文原意是: to decide sth. at the moment you need to and not before 因而这里意思可理解为:“今晚如果有空,你可以和我们一块去看电影。”“到时候再说吧!”

有些词不能停留在望文生义上,要挖掘深层意思。例如:英文中就有child wife/husband一说,这个词就不能望文生义理解为“孩子妻子/丈夫”了,它的确切意思应该是“老夫少妻/老妻少夫”。还有这句话:This machine is the last word in technical skill.其中the last word 就不好理解,原意为:最后一句话,最后决定权…但在这里应该是:(同类事物中) 最新形式,最先进品种。因而这句可译成:这台机器是技术方面的新成就。

我们在理解习惯语时,不仅要理解它的字面意思,还要理解它的习惯表达意思。例如:A: “What are we going to have for the lunch? Fish, pork meat, beef steak, or bread?”

B: “You name it!”

这里name字用作动词:命名,指定。中文我们可以整句理解为:“你尽管说吧!”或“你说一个吧!”而不要译成:“你起个名吧!”虽然英文里有这个意思,但中文这样就有一点别扭了。③

丰富的文化背景和相关专业知识会有助于口译员的临场发挥。但是扎实的语言基础才是关键。所以,我们要在平时的学习中不断积累相关的专业知识,加强口译的训练,才能在现场口译中做到游刃有余。

翻译资格考试中级口译考试模拟训练

We are all intimately familiar with at least one language, yet few of us ever stop to consider what we know about it. The words of a language can be listed in a dictionary, but not all the sentences.

Speakers use a finite set of rules to produce and understand an infinite set of sentences. These rules comprise the grammar of a language. It includes the sound system and the way in which sounds and meanings are related.

This linguistic knowledge is, however, different from linguistic behavior. If you woke up one morning and decided to stop talking, you would still have the knowledge of your language.

Language is a tool of communication. But if language is defined merely as a system of communication, then language is not unique to humans. A basic property of human language is its creative aspect.

参考答案

虽然我们人人至少通晓一门语言,但很少有人会静心思考一下对语言了解什么。语言的词汇可以在词典中列出,但并非所有句子都能为词典所收入。

说话者可以运用一组数量有限的规则来表达与理解数量无限的句子。这些规则组成了语言的语法体系。语法包括音系以及语音和语义之间联系的规则。

然而,语言知识有别于语言行为。某天早晨你醒来后决定不说话,你仍然具有你所操语言的知识。

语言是交际的工具。但如果语言的定义仅仅是一种交际系统,那语言便不是人类的专有品。人类语言的一个基本属性是创造性。

翻译资格考试中级口译考试模拟训练

今天,我很高兴能有机会同青年朋友见面,讲几句话。青年是国家和民族的未来,也是维护世界和平与发展的主力军。

青年富于朝气和活力。他们积极向上,对新鲜事物充满了好奇,强力的求知欲促使他们了解世界。

各国青年如能有足够的交流途径来促进互相理解,那么世界的和平与发展就有了充分的保证。

我希望在座来自世界各地的青年朋友,能畅所俗言,传递经验,把世界青年团结友爱的事业推向前进。

参考答案

Today, I’m glad to have the opportunity to meet our young friends and say a few words. Youth are the future of a country and nation, and the major force in promoting world peace and development as well.

Youth are full of vigor and vitality. They are active, aspirant and curious about the new things. Their strong desire for knowledge pushes them to learn what is going on in the world / about the world.

If the youth of all countries have enough exchange channels to promote mutual understanding, world peace and development will be ensured.

I hope that all the young friends from different parts of the world presents (today) can share /exchange their views freely, pass on their pass on their experience so as to promote the cause of unity and friendship among youth in the world.

翻译资格考试中级口译考试模拟训练

我们必须尊重劳力、尊重知识、尊重人才、尊重创造,这是党和国家的一项重大方针。

一切为社会主义现代化建设作出贡献的劳动,都是光荣的,都应该得到承认和尊重。

海内外投资者在我国建设中的创业活动都应该受到鼓励。一切合法的劳动收入和非劳动收入,都应该得到保护。

我们要保护发达地区的发展活力,更要高度重视和关心欠发达地区以及比较困难的行业和群众,积极帮助他们解决各类问题。

参考答案

We must respect work, knowledge, competent people and creation. This is an important policy of the Party and state.

All work that contributes to the construction / promotion / development of socialists modernization is glorious and should be acknowledged and respected.

All investors at home and from overseas should be encouraged to carry out business activities in China’s development. All legitimate income, from work or not (from work), should be protected.

We should protect the vitality for further growth / development of the developed regions. More importantly, we must pay great(er) attention to and show concern for less developed areas and industries and people in (comparatively) straitened circumstance . We must (take effective measures to) help them solve their problems.

篇5:口译中翻译复杂中文句子的方法

我曾写过一个帖子,介绍如何将一个复杂的英文句子翻译成中文。昨天我收到网友“CQ美眉”的邮件,她请我再写一个帖子,介绍如何将一个复杂的中文句子翻译成英文,也就是再写一个相反的帖子。这位网友还特意给我提供了一个例句,请看下面:

每一个人,作为社会的一个成员,有权享受其人格和尊严的自由发展所必需的社会、经济、文化权利,这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。

对于这种比较复杂的中文句子,在正式翻译成英文句子之前,应当按照它的含义,将它划分成不同的部分,以便我们确定英文句子的结构。我首先将这个中文句子划分成6个部分,请特别注意,第4部分嵌套在第3部分中间。

①每一个人,②作为社会的一个成员,③有权享受 [④其人格和尊严的自由发展所必需的] 社会、经济、文化权利,⑤这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,⑥并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。

这样划分之后,我初步决定,将第4、5、6部分翻译成三个定语从句,用来修饰第3部分的最后一个单词rights,请看:

①Everyone

②as a member of society

③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights

④which are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity

⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation

⑥which are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.

不过,在英语中,通常是一个定语从句修饰一个名词,很少有三个定语从句修饰一个名词,因此我临时决定,将第4部分改写成一个短语,将第5、6部分合并成一个定语句子,请看:

①Everyone

②as a member of society

③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights

④necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity

⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant withthe organization, resources and situation of each country.

最后,将这5个部分组合起来,就是这个中文句子的英文译文。

Everyone, as a member of society, is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rightsnecessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which arerealized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with theorganization, resources and situation of each country.

另外,LT论坛的ptbptb网友另提供的一个版本如下:

Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled torealization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with theorganization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rightsindispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.

篇6:中级口译长难句翻译

1. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for a mateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the 19th century and then by several local geological journals in the 20th century.

[参考译文] 这样一来总的结果便是业余爱好者想在专业地质学期刊…卜发表文章就更难了,而被广泛使用的论文评审推荐制度又进一步强化了这一结果,该种制度先是出现在19世纪的国家级刊物上,后又在20世纪被几家地方级地质学刊物所使用。

2. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.

[参考译文] 一个颇为相似的分化过程已经导致专业的地质学家走到一起组成一到两个全国性的专科学术社团,而业余地质爱好者们倾向于要么仍留在地方社团,要么也以另一种方式组成全国性机构。

3. Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low--level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head--scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.

[参考译文] 遗憾地讲,这次新闻机构可信度调查计划结果只获得了一些十分低层次的发现,比如新闻报道中的事实错误,拼写或语法错误(和这些低层次发现)交织在一起的还有许多令人挠头的困惑,譬如读者到底想读些什么。

4. I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&M wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers' demands.

[参考译文] 我认为巨大的并购浪潮背后的最重要的推动力同时也就是促成全球化进程的那方基石:即降低交通运输成本,逐渐减少贸易投资壁垒,以及大幅度拓展市场,这些都要求更大规模的经营管理以满足消费者需求。

5. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress promoted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming “I wanted to spend more time with my family.”

[参考译文] 一次侧面的不光明磊落的攻击伤害了我的自尊,阻碍了我事业的发展,使我不得不抛弃了那份引人注目的工作,尽管表面上我还要以一个蒙受屈辱的政府部长的姿态,通过声称“我只不过是想多和家人呆在一起” 来掩盖我的退出。

篇7:中级口译长难句翻译

1.But,for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not.

[参考译文] 但是,对一个小部分学生来说,职业教育也是条可取的路径。因为在 其他因素相同的情况下,技能的娴熟是得到工作与否的关键。

2. Declaring that he was opposed to using this unusual animal husbandry technique to clone humans, he ordered that federal funds not be used for such an experiment-although no one had proposed to do so--and asked an independent panel of experts chaired by Princeton President Harold Shapiro to report back to the White House in 90 days with recommendations for a national policy on human cloning.

[参考译文] 他宣布自己反对使用这种非同寻常的畜牧繁殖技术来克隆人类,并下令 .不准联邦政府基金用于做此类试验--尽管还没有人建议这么做--他 还请一个以普林斯顿大学校长哈罗得?夏皮罗为首的独立的专家组在90 天内向白宫汇报关于制定有关克隆人的国家政策的建议。

3. In a draft preface to the recommendations, discussed at the 17 May meeting, Shapiro suggested that the panel had found a broad consensus that it would be “morally unacceptable to attempt to create a human child by adult nuclear cloning”. 参考译文] 在5月17日的会议上所讨论的这份建议书的序言草案中,夏皮罗提出, 专家组已经达成广泛共识,那就是“试图通过成人细胞核克隆来制造人类幼儿的做法在道德上是不可接受的”。

4. Because current federal law already forbids the use of federal funds to create embryos (the earliest stage of human offspring before birth) for research or to knowingly endanger an embryo's life, NBAC will remain silent on embryo research.

[参考译文] 因为现今的联邦法律已经禁止使用联邦基金克隆胚胎(人类后裔在出生 前的最早阶段)用于研究或者有意地威胁胚胎的生命,NBAC在胚胎研 究上将保持沉默。

5. If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents.

[参考译文] 如果试验是像科学杂志上的报告所示的那样如实地根据计划规划和实施的话,那么对管理层来说,期待研究能够产生可以用金钱衡量的结果是完全合理的。

6. It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope.

[参考译文] 审查者完全有理由相信,知道自己准备做什么、怎么做的科学家不应该因为必须一只眼盯着收银机,一只眼盯着显微镜而分散了注意力。

7. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the “odd balls” among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who “work well with the team.”

[参考译文] 如果科学家对标准式样的整齐划一的要求就像他论文的写作所反映的一 样,那么管理层就不该因歧视研究者中的“思维与众不同的人”,喜欢其 中较为传统的“善于团队合作”的思想者而受到指责了。

8. The grand mediocrity of today--everyone being the same in survival and number of off- spring--means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribe.

[参考译文] 当今人与人在很大程度上的平等--即面对自然淘汰法则人人机会均等,并且连子嗣的数目都一样--意味着和在印度土著部落中的情况相比, 印度中上层阶级中已丧失了80%的自然选择中的优势。

9. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.

[参考译文] 当艺术领域的一个新运动发展成某种流行时尚时,最好应该弄清这场运动倡导者的真正意图,因为,不管他们的原则在今天看来多么牵强无理,很可能多年以后他们的理论会被视为正常。

10. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right--it can hardly be classed as Literature.

[参考译文] 然而就未来主义诗歌来说,情况则不这么简单了,因为不管未来主义诗歌是什么--就算承认它赖以存在的理论基础都是正确的--这种形式也很难被归入文学。

篇8:中级口译长难句翻译

1. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river--and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers, “Pluff! Pluff!” A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.“

[参考译文] 但当我们先是从注释中得知某诗行讲述了一个土耳其军官和一个保 加利亚军官在桥上动手打架并双双掉进河里,而后却发现该行诗中不过只充斥着”扑通,扑通,185公斤重“这类对他们落水时的动静以及对军官们体重的描写时,我们不免感到困惑不安。

2. The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male- domiated job market have limited the opportunities of teen-agers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Janpan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs.

[参考译文] 战后婴儿潮一代的步入成年以及女性打入男性主导的劳动力市场使得青少年的发展机会变得极为有限,他们已经在不停地质疑为了爬上日本国内那通往优秀学校和体面工作的严酷的社会阶梯而做出的巨大的个人 牺牲。

3. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World WarII had weakened the ”Japanese morality of respect for parents“.

[参考译文] 去年,当担任教育部长职务的濑户光夫争辩说二战后由美国占领当局引入的自由主义革新削弱了日本民族”尊敬父母的道德品质“的时候,舆论哗然。

4. With economic growth has come centralization: fully 6 percent of Japan's 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, tow-generation households.

[参考译文] 随着经济的增长,出现了集中化:全国1.19亿公民,其中整整6%的人口定居城市:在这里,原来的社区和多代同堂的大家庭已被摒弃,取而代之的是与外界疏于往来的、只由两代人组成的核心家庭。

5. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least a-mong them.

[参考译文] 如果野心的传统具有生命力,那么这传统必会为许多人分享;尤其会受到自己也受人仰慕的人士的青睐,在这些人中受过良好教育的可不占少数。

6. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs--the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.

[参考译文] 当然,人们现在对成功及其各种标志的兴趣似乎并不亚于先前。消夏 别墅、欧陆旅行、宝马车--地点、地名以及品牌或许会有变化,但这类事物在今天被人渴求的程度也似乎不会亚于一二十年前。

7. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.

[参考译文] 相反,我们被款待看到这样一些虚伪的壮观景象,他们似乎比以前的任何时候都更供应充足:美国式物质主义的批判者却拥有位于南安普顿的避暑山庄:激进书籍的出版商却在三星级餐厅享用一日三餐;倡导在人生各个阶段的参与民主制的记者,他的子女却就读于私立学校。

8. No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professional and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word ”amateur“ does carry a connotation that person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not share its values.

[参考译文] 科学领域的专业人员和业余爱好者之间划不出泾渭分明的界线:因为任何规则都有例外。然而,”业余“一词的确意味着相关人员不能充分融入职业科学界,尤其未能分享科学圈子的价值。

9. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United kingdom.

[参考译文] 很自然,这种趋势会在尤以数学或实验室训练为基础的自然学科领域表现最为明显,并且可以英国的地质学发展作例证来说明。

10. A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper.

[参考译文] 将过去一个半世纪英国地质学领域的出版物做一下比较,(我们)就会发现不仅对科研的主导地位的强调不断攀升,而且一篇可接受的科研论文所包含的内容的定义也有所变化。

篇9:中级口译长难句翻译

1. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners: and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.

[参考译文] 这样巨大而非个人的对资金和产业的操纵极大地增加了股东的数量和他 们作为一个阶级的重要性,这是国家生活中代表不负责任的财富的一个 因素,这种财富不但远离了土地和土地拥有者的责任,而且几乎同样与 公司的负责任的管理毫无关系。

2. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large ”comfortable“ classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management.

[参考译文] 像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本这样的城镇的涌现是为了给那些数量很多的”舒适“阶级提供居住场所。这些人依赖于其丰厚收入而不工作,他们除了 分红和偶尔参加一下股东大会,向管理层口授一下自己的命令之外,跟社会的其他阶层毫无瓜葛。 3. The ”shareholders“ as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.

[参考译文] 这样的”股东“对他拥有股份的公司所雇用的工人们的生活、思想和需 求一无所知,而且他们对劳资双方的关系都不会产生积极的影响。

4. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.

[参考译文] 代表公司的花钱雇来的经理与工人及其需求的关系更加直接,但是就连 他对工人们也没有那种熟识的私人之间的了解。而在现在正在消失的古 老家族公司的那种更加家长式的制度下的雇主们却常常对他们的工人有 这样的私人关系。

5. Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country's excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, ”spatial“ thinking about things technological.

[参考译文] 在许多形成因素当中,我将挑选出这些:这个国家优秀的小学教育:欢 迎新技术的劳动者们:奖励发明者的做法;而且最重要的是美国人在对 那些技术性事物的非言语的、”空间性的“思考方面的天赋。

6. As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, ”A technologist thinks about objects that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process...The designer and the inventor.., are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist“.

[参考译文] 正如尤金?弗格森所指出的那样:”一个技术专家思考那些不能被简化成 能被清楚的语言描述的东西。这些东西在他的思维中是通过一种视觉的、非语言表述的过程宋处理的……设计者和发明者……能够在他们的脑中 装配并操作那些还不存在的装置。“

7. Robert Fulton once wrote, ”The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheel, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea“.

[参考译文] 罗伯特?法欧特曾经这样写到:”一个技师会坐在杠杆、螺丝钉、楔子、轮子等等当中,就像一个诗人沉浸在字母表的字母中,把这些字母看成 自己思想的展示,在这样的展示中,每种新的次序安排都传达了--种新 的思想。“

8. In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programs and, tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise.

[参考译文] 在最后三章中,他脱下手套,将神造论者好好地揍了一顿。他描述了他 们的活动和战术,而且,对于那些对神造论者的做事方式刁;熟悉的人来 说,神造论者的欺骗和扭曲事实的程度可能会令这些人有一种不快的诧 异。

9. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: ”This book stands for reason itself.“ And so it does-and all wound be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.

[参考译文] 在这本杰出的书的外纸封面上,史蒂芬?杰伊?古尔德写道:”这本书本 身就代表理性。"而它确实是这样的--而且如果理性成为神造论/地化 论之间的辩论中的惟一评判标准的话,一切就都好办了。

10. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.

[参考译文] 经过了六个月的争论以及最后16个小时激烈的议会辩论,澳大利亚北 部地区成了世界上第一个允许医生终止希望死去的绝症病人生命的立法当局。

篇10:中级口译长难句翻译

In full compliance with human rights standards and norms, the United Nations advocates a careful re-balancing of the international policy on controlled drugs.

联合国充分遵守人权标准和准则,主张谨慎地重新平衡关于受管制药物的国际政策。

No criminal should escape justice. The balanced approach calls for unity of purpose within the international community, including the UN, civil society and, most importantly, the world’s nations.

没有一名罪犯应当逍遥法外。平衡的办法要求国际社会目标一致,其中包括联合国、民间社会,最重要的是世界各国。

On the International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, let us raise awareness about the value of applying a balanced approach to these problems based on an understanding that sustainable development can and must catalyze change across all these fronts.

值此禁止药物滥用和非法贩运国际日之际,让我们在认识到可持续发展能够并且必须推动所有方面变革的基础上,广为宣传采用平衡办法解决这些问题的重要意义。

To allow all women and men to participate fully in their societies, we need greater investment and more effective policies to embed action for literacy within wider development policies, supported by innovative mechanisms that generate positive synergies across all policy areas that are vital to building more just and cohesive societies.

为了让所有人充分参与社会生活,我们需要更多的投资和更加切实有效的政策,把扫盲工作纳入更广泛的发展政策当中,利用创新机制,在建设更加公正和富有凝聚力的社会的所有关键政策领域形成积极的合力。

Most credit for this progress goes to unwavering leadership at the highest level of government. At the same time, I must caution against a false sense of security.

取得这种进展的大部分功劳应归功于政府高层坚定的领导力。同时我必须告诫人们不要有安全错觉。

The Ebola outbreak in West Africa shocked the world out of its complacency about the infectious disease threat.

这次西非埃博拉疫情让一向忽视传染病威胁的整个世界震惊了。

By donating your social media feeds for just one day you can promote humanitarian action and help to give a voice to the voiceless by sharing their stories of crisis, hope and resilience.

仅提供一天的社交媒体供稿,你就可以促进人道主义行动并帮助为默默无声者发出声音,分享有关他们的危机、希望与复原力的故事。

This year’s theme – “Youth Civic Engagement” – emphasizes the role played by the involvement and inclusion of young people in building social cohesion and collective well-being.

今年的主题是“青年的公民参与”,它强调青年的参与和包容对于促进人类共处和共同福祉的作用。

That is the spirit of UNESCO’s project to strengthen youth networks in the Mediterranean.

这尤其是教科文组织加强地中海青年网络项目的要义所在。

I stand with the world’s young people in calling for measures to secure human rights, economic progress, environmental stewardship and social inclusion.

我与世界的年轻人共同呼吁采取措施以实现人权、经济发展、环境管理和社会包容。

We must better transmit and promote indigenous peoples’ cultural diversity and scientific knowledge, which are forces for renewal and innovation for the whole world.

我们应更好地宣传和促进土著人民的文化多样性和科学知识,它们是全世界革新和创新的杠杆。

UNESCO is thus working to have culture fully recognized as an enabler and a driver of inclusive and sustainable development.

因此,教科文组织努力使人们充分认识到文化是可持续和包容性发展的推动力和促进因素。

This reservoir of know-how and expertise contributes to the world’s beauty and wealth and can make all the difference in our attempts to safeguard it.

这个能力和专业知识的宝库使世界变得美丽和丰富,并且可使我们的保护工作更加出色。

In this day and age where transparency is such a big commodity, there is no other option but to have transparency and accountability. We must have good data systems.

在当今时代,透明度至关紧要,没有什么选择,只能透明行事和实行问责制。我们必须拥有良好的数据系统。

This is a time to develop self-reliance and self-sufficiency as the best exit strategy for development assistance. This is a time when countries expect a hand up, not a hand-out. Countries need capacity, not charity.

我们应抓住时机发展自力更生和自给自足的能力,这才是发展援助的最佳退出策略。现在,国家期望协助,但不是乞求施舍。国家需要的是能力,而不是慈善。

Ultimately, a future without child labor calls for inclusive development policies integrating decent work for adults, social protection floors and sound education systems.

总之,没有童工的未来呼唤包容的发展政策,涵盖成人体面劳动、最低社会保障和良好的教育制度。

2020年catti中级口译强化练习题

第1组:

没有规矩不成方圆 Nothing can be accomplished without norms or standards.

每逢佳节倍思亲 On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of one's dear ones far away. It is on the festival occasions when one misses his dear most.

第2组:

谋事在人成事在天 The planning lies with man, the outcome with Heaven. Man proposes, God disposes.

弄巧成拙 be too smart by half; Cunning outwits itself

第3组:

拿手好戏 masterpiece

赔了夫人又折兵 throw good money after bad

第4组:

抛砖引玉 a modest spur to induce others to come forward with valuable contributions; throw a sprat to catch a whale

破釜沉舟 cut off all means of retreat;burn one’s own way of retreat and be determined to fight to the end

第5组:

抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities

巧妇难为无米之炊 If you have no hand you can't make a fist. One can't make bricks without straw

第6组:

千里之行始于足下 a thousand-li journey begins with the first step--the highest eminence is to be gained step by step

前事不忘后事之师 Past experience, if not forgotten, is a guide for the future.

第7组:

前人栽树后人乘凉 One generation plants the trees in whose shade another generation rests. One sows and another reaps。

前怕狼后怕虎 fear the wolf in front and the tiger behind; hesitate in doing something

第8组:

强龙难压地头蛇 Even a dragon (from the outside) finds it hard to control a snake in its old haunt - Powerful outsiders can hardly afford to neglect local bullies.

强强联手 win-win co-operation

第9组:

瑞雪兆丰年 A timely snow promises a good harvest.

人之初性本善 Man's nature at birth is good.

第10组:

人逢喜事精神爽 joy puts heart into a man.

人海战术 huge-crowd strategy

第11组:

世上无难事只要肯攀登 Where there is a will, there is a way.

世外桃源 a fictitious land of peace away from the turmoil of the world;

第12组:

死而后已 until my heart stops beating

岁岁平安 Peace all year round.

第13组:

上有天堂下有苏杭 Just as there is paradise in heaven, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.

塞翁失马焉知非福 Misfortune may be an actual blessing.

第14组:

三十而立 A man should be independent at the age of thirty. At thirty, a man should be able to think for himself.

第15组:

四十不惑 Life begins at forty.

谁言寸草心报得三春晖 Such kindness of warm sun, can't be repaid by grass.

第16组:

水涨船高 When the river rises, the boat floats high.

时不我待Time and tide wait for no man.

第17组:

杀鸡用牛刀break a butterfly on the wheel

鱼米之乡a land of milk and honey

第18组:

有情人终成眷属 Jack shall have Jill, all shall be well.

有钱能使鬼推磨Money makes the mare go. Money talks.

第19组:

有识之士people of vision

有勇无谋use brawn rather than brain

第20组:

有缘千里来相会Separated as we are thousands of miles apart, we come together as if by predestination。

与时俱进advance with times

第21组:

以人为本people oriented; people first; people foremost

因材施教teach students according to their aptitude

第22组:

欲穷千里目,更上一层楼 to ascend another storey to see a thousand miles further; Ascend further, were you to look farther; Would eye embrace a thousand miles? Go up, one flight.

欲速则不达Haste does not bring success; more haste, less speed

第23组:

优胜劣汰survival of the fittest

英雄所见略同Great minds think alike.

第24组:

冤家宜解不宜结Better make friends than make enemies。

冤假错案 cases in which people were unjustly, falsely or wrongly charged or sentenced; unjust, false or wrong cases

第25组:

一言既出,驷马难追A real man never goes back on his words。

招财进宝Money and treasures will be plentiful

第26组:

债台高筑become debt-ridden

致命要害Achilles' heel

第27组:

众矢之的target of public criticism

知己知彼,百战不殆Know the enemy and know yourself, and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat。

第28组:

纸上谈兵be an armchair strategist

纸包不住火Truth will come to light sooner or later

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